Chargebacks vs Refunds vs Reversals: Dispute Language Merchants Must Get Right in 2026
Updated:20 Mins Read
By 2026, most chargeback losses are no longer caused by fraud alone. They are caused by misunderstanding. Across payments teams,…
Fake Accounts That Pay (2026): Stopping “Fraud-Funded Onboarding” Where Bots Create Users, Attach Payment Methods, and Monetize Fast
Updated:21 Mins Read
By 2026, fraud no longer waits for scale. It manufactures it. The most damaging fraud patterns facing digital merchants today…
Carding (Card Testing) in 2026: The Merchant Defense Playbook That Stops BIN Attacks Before They Reach Your Acquirer
Updated:17 Mins Read
Card testing used to sit in an awkward corner of fraud operations. Everyone knew it existed, most teams dealt with…
Visa VAMP + Enumeration (2026): Why BIN-Range “Card Testing” Now Creates Measurable Scheme-Program Risk
Updated:20 Mins Read
For years, card testing and enumeration lived in an uncomfortable grey zone. Everyone knew it was bad. Everyone dealt with…
Card Testing Defense 2026: The Modern Tool Stack (Bot Management + Adaptive Rate-Limiting + “Auth Hygiene”)
Updated:19 Mins Read
Card testing has evolved into a form of automated reconnaissance rather than opportunistic fraud. In 2026, attackers no longer rely…
Impersonation Fraud 2026: How Fraud Models Detect “Someone Pretending to Be You” Before Payments and Payouts Are Approved
Updated:18 Mins Read
Impersonation fraud has emerged as one of the most consequential identity risks facing payment ecosystems in 2026. Unlike traditional fraud…
Mastercard Disputes 2026: Building “Compelling Evidence by Design” Using the 2025 Chargeback Guide
Updated:24 Mins Read
For years, chargeback prevention and chargeback recovery were treated as separate disciplines. Prevention focused on reducing disputes through fraud controls…
Pre-Dispute Alerts 2026: How Ethoca/Verifi-Style “Early Warning” Workflows Reduce Chargebacks Before They Exist
Updated:16 Mins Read
Chargeback management has traditionally been reactive. A dispute is raised, evidence is gathered, representation is submitted, and the outcome is…
Real-Time Transaction Monitoring 2026: Moving From Batch Alerts to Always-On Risk Decisioning (and Cutting False Positives)
Updated:20 Mins Read
For years, transaction monitoring has operated on a delayed logic. Transactions were processed, alerts were generated in batches, and risk…
From Rules to Probabilities: How Risk Scoring Frameworks Are Shifting to “Likelihood × Impact” Models in 2026
Updated:19 Mins Read
For years, fraud and risk systems have been built around a simple assumption: a transaction is either safe or unsafe.…
Transaction Risk ≠ Customer Risk: Why 2026 Scoring Frameworks Separate Identity Trust from Payment Intent
Updated:17 Mins Read
In 2026, one of the most persistent failures in fraud prevention is not a lack of data or sophistication, but…
Context-Aware Risk Scoring 2026: Why Time, Channel, and Behaviour Now Outweigh Static Fraud Signals
Updated:19 Mins Read
Fraud in 2026 rarely announces itself through obvious red flags. The most damaging payment losses increasingly originate from transactions that…
Dynamic Risk Orchestration: How 2026 Payment Stacks Combine AI, SCA Exemptions & Real-Time Routing to Balance Fraud and Conversion
Updated:25 Mins Read
For years, merchants relied on fixed fraud rules and predictable authentication flows to manage risk. A transaction was either safe…
Fraud Velocity & Transaction Sequence Modelling: The 2026 Guide to Detecting Bot Attacks, Card Testing & Rapid-Fire Abuse
Updated:22 Mins Read
Over the past two years, fraud has changed shape. Instead of slow, isolated attempts, PSPs are now seeing bursts of…
Predictive Risk Models 2026: How Merchants Use Behavioural, Device & Payment Graph Data to Prevent Fraud Before Checkout
Updated:25 Mins Read
Fraud in 2026 no longer behaves like a series of isolated attacks that merchants can block with static rules, velocity…
AI in High-Risk Underwriting: How PSPs Use Machine Learning to Assess Merchant Risk Profiles, Chargeback Probability & Business Model Red Flags
Updated:21 Mins Read
Underwriting has entered a new era. By 2026, the volume, complexity and global distribution of high-risk merchants have evolved far…
Building an AML & KYC Operating Model That Survives Bank and PSP Due Diligence in 2026
Updated:17 Mins Read
AML and KYC requirements for payment companies are entering a new phase. Banks, acquirers and upstream PSPs are applying stricter…